Computation of Three-Dimensional Temperature Distribution and Thermal Analysis to Integrated Circuit Substrates

The exact three di me nsional temperatu re distribution and thermal analysiS to inte-grated circuit substrates have been presen ted by means of numerical method of a fin ite difference.Thismethed.which will overcome the di fficuItv of mathematical deduction mav be consltieredas an analytical way aided by com puters for thermal design of electron ic compon ents.     

Influence of Indoor Thermal Environment on Thermal Comfort of Human Body

Analyses the thermal environment parameters from physiological aspect and from psychological aspect respectively. Introduces the conception of thermal comfort of human body from heat balance aspect. Presents some measures to improve indoor thermal environment and advance thermal comfort of human body. Analyses the influence of indoor thermal environment on thermal comfort of human body and some questions on the aspect of this research, also puts forward some advices.     

A STUDY ON HEAT AND MOISTURE STATE OF HULL LAYER FOR THERMAL INSTULATION OF A COLD STORAGE

This paper analyses the thermal moist characteristics of the hull layer beside an air layer at lower temperature in an envelope for a cold storage and presents a new method of waterproof by air layer. With test data from engineering practice, the theory on the barrier of self moisture proof at the surface sublayer of the hull layer in an attic on a cold storage is proven. The dried zone about three phase point is confirmed. It is a new knowledge for thermophysics on thermal design of a cold storage with an optimum thermal performance.     

潮州三百门电厂冷却水排放的数值模拟研究

海湾及潮汐河口的冷却水工程研究近年来受到人们的重视，由于受到潮汐的影响，其冷却水布置及热污染特性比河道及水库型更为复杂。采用数值模拟的方法，首先对电厂附近的潮流特性及冷却水输移扩散进行模拟计算，研究了电厂近海水域的水动力结构及其对冷却水排放的影响，给出电厂取水温升及热污染范围，为电厂取水设计工作提供依据。     

强制通风温室中温度分布的试验研究

本文介绍了在强制通风温室中使用水帘和不使用水帘降温时，不同通风率情况下温室温度分布．包括室内外温差、温室长度方向和高度方向温度差的试验测试方法。试验结果表明：在不使用水帘和使用水帘时；温室内温度差在垂直方向最为显著，增大通风率会减少该温度差；与不使用水帘相比，使用水帘时提高通风率对降低室内温度效果显著。     

机械通风温室内部温度模型的试验验证

介绍了一种以温室机械通风和温室内作物冠层蒸发过程为主的温室温度数学模型,该模型具有结构简单、所有过程均为线性表达的特点,特别适合温室的在线适时控制。为了能够验证模型的可行性,进行了两种通风率条件下的试验。试验结果说明:在通风量足够高时,该模型能较好地预测温室内部温度。     

浇筑温度对碾压混凝土重力坝温度应力的影响

采用三维有限元浮动网格法模拟碾压混凝土重力坝薄层施工过程，对百色碾压混凝土重力坝施工期和运行期的温度场、温度徐变应力场进行了全过程仿真计算，分析了按旬平均气温浇筑和设计浇筑温度浇筑两种不同浇筑温度对坝体温度应力分布的影响．     

温度对微小花蝽实验种群增长的影响

实验室饲养观察结果表明，在15－35℃温度范围内，随温度升高，微小花蝽的发育速率加快，成虫寿命缩短，在25℃下的世代存活率最高。根据实验数据计算出该虫的卵期发育起点温度为13．6℃，有效积温为1＝55．15日．度；若虫期发育起点温度为8．0℃，有效积温为270．1日．度。组建了25℃和30℃两种温度下的该虫的实验种群生命表。     

Main stem movement of Atlantic salmon parr in response to high river temperature

Atlantic salmon become thermally stressed when water temperatures exceed 23 °C. To alleviate this stress, they behaviourally thermoregulate by moving to patches of cold water, often forming large aggregations. These patches are known as thermal refuges. Given the consensus that climate change will increase temperatures in Atlantic salmon catchments, thermal refuges will become increasingly important in minimising summer mortalities. While the behaviour of salmonids within thermal refuges is fairly well understood, less is known about their main stem movement in search of thermal refuges or its thermal and temporal cues. We detail the results of a PIT telemetry study to investigate the main stem movement behaviour of thermally stressed Atlantic salmon parr in a temperature‐impacted river. PIT antennas placed around two thermal refuges and at the upstream and downstream limits of their surrounding reach were used to record the movement of salmonids during a heatwave. We observed parr movement at the upstream and downstream antennas 135 min prior to the occurrence of the midpoint of aggregations in the thermal refuges, indicating that Atlantic salmon parr make reach‐scale movements in search of cool water prior to aggregating. Logistic regression showed that the number of degree hours >28 °C predicted the occurrence of main stem movement with a good degree of accuracy, indicating that this temperature represents a fundamental threshold causing Atlantic salmon parr to move towards cool water. Such data could be instrumental in allowing river managers to place limits on human activity within rivers, allowing salmon populations time to recover following heat stress events.